Data Types in C - Language

What is Data Type?

There are some predefined keywords in C - Language that defines what kind of data would be stored in a variable, what operations can be applied on this data, how much memory will be occupied, and what will be the value range +ve and -ve to store in variable.

Common Data types in C - Language.
There are three main data types

• Integral 
• Floating Point
• Character

Integral Data types.

• int 
• long

Floating Point Data types.

• float
• double

Character Data types.

• char

Attributes of Integral data types.

• signed
• unsigned

When we use "unsigned" keyword with data type it blocks the input of -ve numbers and doubles the value range for this variable.

When we use "singed" or don't use this, -ve and +ve both type of values can be stored in the variable.

Integral Data Types in C.

Type	Storage size	Value range
char	1 byte	-128 to 127 or 0 to 255
unsigned char	1 byte	0 to 255
signed char	1 byte	-128 to 127
int	2  bytes	-32,768 to 32,767
unsigned int	2  bytes	0 to 65,535
short	2 bytes	-32,768 to 32,767
unsigned short	2 bytes	0 to 65,535
long	4 bytes	-2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
unsigned long	4 bytes	0 to 4,294,967,295

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main() {

   printf("Storage size for int : %d \n", sizeof(int));
   
   return 0;
}

Here above is a code snippet to check the actual size of any Data type, use have to replace required data type with (int).

Note: in char type we can store any one character using single quots around it.


Floating Point Data Types

Type	Storage size	Value range	Precision
float	4 byte	1.2E-38 to 3.4E+38	6 decimal places
double	8 byte	2.3E-308 to 1.7E+308	15 decimal places
long double	10 byte	3.4E-4932 to 1.1E+4932	19 decimal places

Note: we cannot use "signed" and "unsigned" attributes with Floating Point Type of values.